Product | Megapixel | Image | Sensor | Price |
SVS-Vistek shr661 | 127 | Sony IMX661 sensor 3.45 μm x 3.45 μm 14-bit output Diagonal 56mm format M72x0,75 lens mount Fixed focus | $18,000 | |
Phase One 50MP Camera iXM-50 | 50 | Medium format Fixed focus but autofocus is possible | $21,000 | |
GV-77U5WP | 44 | onsemi XGS 45000 12-bit output 3.2 µm x 3.2 µm Super 35mm format Fixed focus TFL lens mount | $7,590 | |
LUCID Vision Labs Atlas™ ATL314S-CT | 31 | Sony IMX342 APS-C sensor format 3.45 μm x 3.45 μm Fixed Focus | $6,314 | |
Basler ace 2 a2A5328-15ucPRO | 24 | Sony IMX540 1.2” sensor format 2.74 μm x 2.74 μm C-mount Fixed focus | $2,419 | |
Sony a9 III Mirrorless Camera | 24 | Sony full frame sensor Stacked sensor FE mount Autofocus | $5,998 |
Summarized table with key differences:
camera model | camera price | Suitable lens | mount | lens price | total price | field of view [cm] width (8 pixels per mm) | field of view [cm] height (8 pixels per mm) |
SVS-Vistek shr661 | $18,000 | VT-LEN72-5545MP150 | M72 | $1,566 | $19,566 | 167.5 | 119.1 |
GV-77U5WP | $7,590 | Edmund Optics TFL-Mount APS-C 35mm f/2.8 | TFL (M35 x 0.75) | $850 | $8,440 | 102.5 | 68.35 |
ATL314S-CT | $6,314 | Edmund Optics TFL-Mount APS-C 50mm f/1.8 | TFL (M35 x 0.75) | $795 | $7,109 | 80.8 | 60.65 |
a2A5328-15ucPRO | $2,419 | Fujinon CF35ZA-1S | C | $612 | $3,031 | 66.6 | 57.6 |
Sony a9 iii | $5,998 | Sony FE 85mm F1.8 | FE | $548 | $6,546 | 75 | 50 |
a7riv | $2,998 | Sony FE Carl Zeiss Sonnar T* 55mm F1.8 ZA | FE | $898 | $3,896 | 118.8 | 79.2 |
The table below compares concrete metrics from each of the cameras. The most obvious column is the field of view, which can be compared with the system requirements. Depending on the physical sensor size, the lens mount varies which again decides which lenses are supported. When selecting the right lens, keep an eye out for 1) mount, 2) supported pixel size (which translates to optical resolution), 3) max supported sensor size. Then, based on the optimal focal length (determined by the ground sampling distance of 8 pixels per mm as well as the desired distance of 1.6 meters between camera and plant), find a lens which has a comparable focal length.
camera model | pixel size [μm] | sensor width [mm] | sensor height [mm] | Lens mount | resolution width | resolution height | field of view [cm] width (8 pixels per mm) | field of view [cm] height (8 pixels per mm) |
SVS-Vistek shr661 | 3.45 | 46.2 | 32.9 | M72 | 13400 | 9528 | 167.5 | 119.1 |
GV-77U5WP | 3.2 | 24.89 | 18.66 | TFL (M35 x 0.75) | 8200 | 5468 | 102.5 | 68.35 |
ATL314S-CT | 3.45 | 22.3 | 16.74 | TFL (M35 x 0.75) | 6464 | 4852 | 80.8 | 60.65 |
a2A5328-15ucPRO | 2.74 | 14.58 | 12.6 | C | 5328 | 4608 | 66.6 | 57.6 |
Sony a9 iii | 6 μm | 35.7 | 23.8 | FE | 6000 | 4000 | 75 | 50 |
a7riv | 3.76 | 35.7 | 23.8 | FE | 9504 | 6336 | 118.8 | 79.2 |
camera model | pixel size [μm] | sensor width [mm] | sensor height [mm] | Target focal length | Available focal length | Suitable lens | link | price USD | mount |
SVS-Vistek shr661 | 3.45 | 46.2 | 32.9 | 44 | 50 | VT-LEN72-5545MP150 | 1566 | M72 | |
GV-77U5WP | 3.2 | 24.89 | 18.66 | 39 | 35 | Edmund Optics TFL-Mount APS-C 35mm f/2.8 | https://thinklucid.com/product/edmund-optics-tfl-mount-aps-c-35mm-f-2-8/ | 850 | TFL (M35 x 0.75) |
ATL314S-CT | 3.45 | 22.3 | 16.74 | 44 | 50 | Edmund Optics TFL-Mount APS-C 50mm f/1.8 | https://thinklucid.com/product/edmund-optics-tfl-mount-aps-c-50mm-f-1-8/ | 795 | TFL (M35 x 0.75) |
a2A5328-15ucPRO | 2.74 | 14.58 | 12.6 | 36 | 35 | Fujinon CF35ZA-1S | https://www.fujifilm.com/us/en/business/optical-devices/machine-vision-lens/cf-za-1s-series#anc03 | 612 | C |
Sony a9 iii | 6 | 35.7 | 23.8 | 77 | 85 | Sony FE 85mm F1.8 | https://www.dxomark.com/Lenses/Sony/Sony-FE-85mm-F18-mounted-on-Sony-A7R-IV__1326 | 548 | FE |
a7riv | 3.76 | 35.7 | 23.8 | 50 | 55 | Sony FE Carl Zeiss Sonnar T* 55mm F1.8 ZA | 898 | FE |
camera model | camera price | Suitable lens | link | lens price | total price |
Phase One 50MP iXM-50 | $21,000 | ||||
SVS-Vistek shr661 | $18,000 | VT-LEN72-5545MP150 | $1,566 | $19,566 | |
GV-77U5WP | $7,590 | Edmund Optics TFL-Mount APS-C 35mm f/2.8 | https://thinklucid.com/product/edmund-optics-tfl-mount-aps-c-35mm-f-2-8/ | $850 | $8,440 |
ATL314S-CT | $6,314 | Edmund Optics TFL-Mount APS-C 50mm f/1.8 | https://thinklucid.com/product/edmund-optics-tfl-mount-aps-c-50mm-f-1-8/ | $795 | $7,109 |
a2A5328-15ucPRO | $2,419 | Fujinon CF35ZA-1S | https://www.fujifilm.com/us/en/business/optical-devices/machine-vision-lens/cf-za-1s-series#anc03 | $612 | $3,031 |
Sony a9 iii | $5,998 | Sony FE 85mm F1.8 | https://www.dxomark.com/Lenses/Sony/Sony-FE-85mm-F18-mounted-on-Sony-A7R-IV__1326 | $548 | $6,546 |
a7riv | $2,998 | Sony FE Carl Zeiss Sonnar T* 55mm F1.8 ZA | $898 | $3,896 |
Comparison of set of cameras with theoretical levels of diffraction. In short, the level of diffraction is determined by the diameter of the resulting airy disk relative to the physical pixel size. As the airy disk starts covering multiple pixel lengths, a blurring effect will appear. As always, since the image sensor is divided into color specific pixels using a 2x2 bayer pattern, blurring will not be visible before the disk exceeds the size of at least to pixels. The table lists the diameter of the airy disk at given relative apertures (F-number). Although the diffraction is determined by the physical aperture dimensions, a change in focal length will magnify this effect onto the sensor. Because of that, we can disregard lens choices here, compare directly with the image sensor. Green: Airy disk < 2.5x pixel width. No visible blur from diffraction. Yellow: 2.5x < Airy disk <5x pixel width. blur might be visible. Red: Airy disk > 5x pixel width. blur is visible. The numbers below each camera sensor denotes the pixel width of the given sensor.
Aperture [F] | Diameter of Airy Disk [μm] | Sony a9 iii | a2A5328-15ucPRO | ATL314S-CT | GV-77U5WP | SVS-Vistek shr661 | A7riv |
2.8 | 3.77 | 6 | 2.74 | 3.45 | 3.2 | 3.45 | 3.76 |
3.2 | 4.23 | 6 | 2.74 | 3.45 | 3.2 | 3.45 | 3.76 |
3.5 | 4.75 | 6 | 2.74 | 3.45 | 3.2 | 3.45 | 3.76 |
4 | 5.33 | 6 | 2.74 | 3.45 | 3.2 | 3.45 | 3.76 |
4.5 | 5.98 | 6 | 2.74 | 3.45 | 3.2 | 3.45 | 3.76 |
5 | 6.71 | 6 | 2.74 | 3.45 | 3.2 | 3.45 | 3.76 |
5.6 | 7.53 | 6 | 2.74 | 3.45 | 3.2 | 3.45 | 3.76 |
6.3 | 8.46 | 6 | 2.74 | 3.45 | 3.2 | 3.45 | 3.76 |
7.1 | 9.49 | 6 | 2.74 | 3.45 | 3.2 | 3.45 | 3.76 |
8 | 10.65 | 6 | 2.74 | 3.45 | 3.2 | 3.45 | 3.76 |
9 | 11.96 | 6 | 2.74 | 3.45 | 3.2 | 3.45 | 3.76 |
10 | 13.42 | 6 | 2.74 | 3.45 | 3.2 | 3.45 | 3.76 |
11 | 15.07 | 6 | 2.74 | 3.45 | 3.2 | 3.45 | 3.76 |
13 | 17.92 | 6 | 2.74 | 3.45 | 3.2 | 3.45 | 3.76 |
14 | 18.98 | 6 | 2.74 | 3.45 | 3.2 | 3.45 | 3.76 |
16 | 21.31 | 6 | 2.74 | 3.45 | 3.2 | 3.45 | 3.76 |
18 | 23.92 | 6 | 2.74 | 3.45 | 3.2 | 3.45 | 3.76 |
20 | 26.85 | 6 | 2.74 | 3.45 | 3.2 | 3.45 | 3.76 |
Comparison of depth of field in mm of different camera sensors without regards to the lens' focal length. Green denotes depth of field larger than 15 cm. Yellow denotes depth of field smaller than 15 cm. In this table, I have defined depth of field given a Circle of Confusion set to 2x the pixel depth of each camera.
target focal length | 77 mm | 36 mm | 44 mm | 39 mm | 44 mm | 50 mm |
DoF definition | CoC: 2x pixel width | CoC: 2x pixel width | CoC: 2x pixel width | CoC: 2x pixel width | CoC: 2x pixel width | CoC: 2x pixel width |
Aperture [F] | Sony a9 iii | a2A5328-15ucPRO | ATL314S-CT | GV-77U5WP | SVS-Vistek shr661 | A7riv |
5 | 49 | 106 | ||||
5.6 | 55 | 119 | 100 | |||
6.3 | 62 | 134 | 101 | 112 | ||
7.1 | 70 | 151 | 110 | 129 | 126 | 106 |
8 | 79 | 170 | 124 | 145 | 142 | 120 |
9 | 89 | 191 | 140 | 163 | 160 | 135 |
10 | 99 | 213 | 156 | 181 | 178 | 150 |
11 | 109 | 234 | 171 | 200 | 196 | 165 |
13 | 128 | 277 | 203 | 236 | 232 | 195 |
14 | 138 | 299 | 218 | 255 | 250 | 210 |
16 | 158 | 342 | 250 | 292 | 286 | 240 |
18 | 178 | 386 | 329 | 323 | ||
20 | 198 | 431 |
Comparison of transmitted light per pixel based on a required aperture for 20 cm depth of field relative to CoC of 2x pixel width at a distance of 1.6 meters from camera to plant. Due to the difference in physical pixel size, the significant difference is relative aperture is more or less cancelled out.
Sony a9 iii | a2A5328-15ucPRO | ATL314S-CT | GV-77U5WP | SVS-Vistek shr661 | A7riv | |
focal length [mm] | 85 | 35 | 50 | 35 | 50 | 55 |
relative aperture for required depth of field [f/] | 20 | 10 | 13 | 11 | 11 | 13 |
absolute aperture [mm] | 4.25 | 3.5 | 3.85 | 3.18 | 4.55 | 4.23 |
pixel size [um] | 6 | 2.74 | 3.45 | 3.2 | 3.45 | 3.76 |
normalized incoming light per pixel bin | 100.0 | 83.4 | 78.3 | 94.0 | 109.3 | 92.9 |
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